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conda and anaconda

conda是一个开源包管理系统和环境管理系统,可在Windows,macOS和Linux上运行。 conda可以快速安装,运行和更新软件包及其依赖项。 conda可以轻松地在本地计算机上的环境之间创建,保存,加载和切换。它是为Python程序创建的,但它可以为任何语言打包和分发软件,包括Python,R,Ruby,Lua,Scala,Java,JavaScript,C / C ++,FORTRAN。

conda作为包管理器可帮助您查找和安装包。如果您需要一个需要不同版本Python的软件包,则无需切换到其他环境管理器,因为conda也是一个环境管理器。只需几个命令,您就可以设置一个完全独立的环境来运行不同版本的Python,同时继续在正常环境中运行您常用的Python版本。

在其默认配置中,conda可以安装和管理由Anaconda构建、审查和维护的repo.continuum.io上的数千个软件包。

conda包和环境管理器包含在所有版本的Anaconda,Miniconda和Anaconda Repository中。conda也包含在Anaconda Enterprise中,该公司为Python,R,Node.js,Java和其他应用程序堆栈提供现场企业包和环境管理。

开源Anaconda Distribution是在Linux,Windows和Mac OS X上执行Python/R数据科学和机器学习的最简单方法。全球有超过1100万用户,它是开发,测试和培训的行业标准。


设想一个数据科学家可以定期将人工智能和机器学习项目大规模部署到生产中的世界,快速向决策者提供见解。 这对您的业务有何影响?
Anaconda Enterprise支持您的组织,无论大小,从一台笔记本电脑上的单个用户轻松扩展到数千台计算机。 没有头痛,没有IT噩梦。
     快速下载1,500多个Python/R数据科学包
     使用Conda管理库,依赖项和环境
     使用scikit-learn,TensorFlow和Theano开发和训练机器学习和深度学习模型
     使用Dask,NumPy,pandas和Numba分析具有可伸缩性和性能的数据
     使用Matplotlib,Bokeh,Datashader和Holoviews可视化结果

数据科学家直接从平台开始,无需涉及DevOps,可以快速开发和部署AI和机器学习模型。 Anaconda提供轻松所需的工具:
     从文件,数据库和数据湖中收集数据
     使用Conda管理环境(在下载时处理所有包依赖关系)
     分享,协作和复制项目
     只需单击一下按钮,即可将项目部署到生产环境中

conda cheatsheet

https://docs.conda.io/projects/conda/en/latest/user-guide/cheatsheet.html


Anaconda是一个免费开源的Python和R语言的发行版本,用于计算科学(数据科学、机器学习、大数据处理和预测分析),Anaconda致力于简化包管理和部署。Anaconda的包使用软件包管理系统Conda进行管理。超过1200万人使用Anaconda发行版本,并且Anaconda拥有超过1400个适用于Windows、Linux和MacOS的数据科学软件包。

Anaconda拥有超过1400个软件包其中包含Conda和虚拟环境管理,他们都被包含在Anaconda Navigator中,因此无需去了解独立安装每个库。可以使用已经包含在Anaconda中的命令conda install或者pip install从Anaconda仓库中安装开源软件包。Pip提供了Conda大部分功能,并且大多数情况下两个可以同时使用。可以使用conda build命令构建自定义包,然后通过上传到Anaconda Cloud、PyPI或其他仓库来分享给其他人。

下载并安装Anaconda

我们可以从https://www.anaconda.com/distribution/下载。本文用的是anaconda2。

注意:Anaconda2默认包含Python 2.7,Anaconda3默认包含Python 3.7,但是你可以创建虚拟环境来使用任意版本的Python包。

[root@xd07dbm01 mnt]# sh Anaconda2-2018.12-Linux-x86_64.sh
Welcome to Anaconda2 2018.12
In order to continue the installation process, please review the license
agreement.
Please, press ENTER to continue
>>>
===================================
Anaconda End User License Agreement
===================================
Copyright 2015, Anaconda, Inc.
All rights reserved under the 3-clause BSD License:
...
...
...
cryptography
    A Python library which exposes cryptographic recipes and primitives.
Do you accept the license terms? [yes|no]
[no] >>>
Please answer 'yes' or 'no':'
>>> yes
Anaconda2 will now be installed into this location:
/root/anaconda2
  - Press ENTER to confirm the location
  - Press CTRL-C to abort the installation
  - Or specify a different location below
[/root/anaconda2] >>> /opt/anaconda2
PREFIX=/opt/anaconda2
installing: python-2.7.15-h9bab390_6 ...
Python 2.7.15 :: Anaconda, Inc.
installing: blas-1.0-mkl ...
installing: ca-certificates-2018.03.07-0 ...
installing: conda-env-2.6.0-1 ...
installing: intel-openmp-2019.1-144 ...
installing: libgcc-ng-8.2.0-hdf63c60_1 ...
installing: libgfortran-ng-7.3.0-hdf63c60_0 ...
installing: libstdcxx-ng-8.2.0-hdf63c60_1 ...
installing: bzip2-1.0.6-h14c3975_5 ...
installing: expat-2.2.6-he6710b0_0 ...
installing: fribidi-1.0.5-h7b6447c_0 ...
installing: gmp-6.1.2-h6c8ec71_1 ...
installing: graphite2-1.3.12-h23475e2_2 ...
installing: icu-58.2-h9c2bf20_1 ...
installing: jbig-2.1-hdba287a_0 ...
installing: jpeg-9b-h024ee3a_2 ...
installing: libffi-3.2.1-hd88cf55_4 ...
installing: liblief-0.9.0-h7725739_1 ...
installing: libsodium-1.0.16-h1bed415_0 ...
installing: libtool-2.4.6-h7b6447c_5 ...
installing: libuuid-1.0.3-h1bed415_2 ...
installing: libxcb-1.13-h1bed415_1 ...
installing: lz4-c-1.8.1.2-h14c3975_0 ...
installing: lzo-2.10-h49e0be7_2 ...
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installing: pixman-0.34.0-hceecf20_3 ...
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installing: xz-5.2.4-h14c3975_4 ...
installing: yaml-0.1.7-had09818_2 ...
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installing: bitarray-0.8.3-py27h14c3975_0 ...
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installing: py-lief-0.9.0-py27h7725739_1 ...
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installing: pycosat-0.6.3-py27h14c3975_0 ...
installing: pycparser-2.19-py27_0 ...
installing: pycrypto-2.6.1-py27h14c3975_9 ...
installing: pycurl-7.43.0.2-py27h1ba5d50_0 ...
installing: pyflakes-2.0.0-py27_0 ...
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installing: babel-2.6.0-py27_0 ...
installing: backports.os-0.1.1-py27_0 ...
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installing: cffi-1.11.5-py27he75722e_1 ...
installing: cycler-0.10.0-py27hc7354d3_0 ...
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installing: html5lib-1.0.1-py27_0 ...
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installing: cryptography-2.4.2-py27h1ba5d50_0 ...
installing: cython-0.29.2-py27he6710b0_0 ...
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installing: astropy-2.0.9-py27hdd07704_0 ...
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installing: scipy-1.1.0-py27h7c811a0_2 ...
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installing: statsmodels-0.9.0-py27h035aef0_0 ...
installing: anaconda-client-1.7.2-py27_0 ...
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installing: notebook-5.7.4-py27_0 ...
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installing: spyder-kernels-0.3.0-py27_0 ...
installing: anaconda-navigator-1.9.6-py27_0 ...
installing: anaconda-project-0.8.2-py27_0 ...
installing: jupyterlab_launcher-0.11.2-py27h28b3542_0 ...
installing: numpydoc-0.8.0-py27_0 ...
installing: widgetsnbextension-3.4.2-py27_0 ...
installing: ipywidgets-7.4.2-py27_0 ...
installing: jupyterlab-0.33.11-py27_0 ...
installing: spyder-3.3.2-py27_0 ...
installing: _ipyw_jlab_nb_ext_conf-0.1.0-py27_0 ...
installing: jupyter-1.0.0-py27_7 ...
installing: anaconda-2018.12-py27_0 ...
installing: conda-4.5.12-py27_0 ...
installing: conda-build-3.17.6-py27_0 ...
installation finished.
Do you wish the installer to initialize Anaconda2
in your /root/.bashrc ? [yes|no]
[no] >>> yes
Initializing Anaconda2 in /root/.bashrc
A backup will be made to: /root/.bashrc-anaconda2.bak
For this change to become active, you have to open a new terminal.
Thank you for installing Anaconda2!
[root@xd07dbm01 mnt]#


Reference

http://bioconda.github.io/
https://conda.io/projects/conda/en/latest/index.html
https://www.python.org/
http://pandas.pydata.org/
https://github.com/ContinuumIO/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Python
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)
https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/installing/
https://wxpython.org/
https://wxpython.org/pages/overview/
https://github.com/wxWidgets/Phoenix/

关键词:conda pip python ml 

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