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How to Install Docker on OEL6.8

时间: 2016-10-05 10:22:07  | 作者: ohsdba  | 
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Docker是PaaS提供商dotCloud开源的一个基于LXC的高级容器引擎，源代码托管在Github上, 是一个基于go语言写的程序运行的容器(Linux containers，LXCs)，遵从Apache2.0协议开源。Docker最初的想法是创建软件程序可移植的轻量容器，让其可以在任何安装了Docker的机器上运行，用户不用关心底层是操作系统。她的基础是Linux容器LXC等技术，Docker的目标是实现轻量级的操作系统虚拟化解决方案。Docker也能够解决虚拟机由于资源要求过高而无法解决的问题。用户不需要去关心容器的管理，操作Docker的容器就像操作一个快速轻量级的虚拟机一样简单，使得操作更为简便


目前云服务实现的是操作系统级别的隔离，在同一台物理服务器上虚拟出多个主机。Docker则实现了一种应用程序级别的隔离，可以在同一操作系统上部署更多的应用



Docker主要由两部分组成：Docker Engine和Docker Hub组成。
Docker Engine: 一个便携式、轻量级的运行环境，类似Hypervisor的功能，适用于系统管理员
Docker Hub: 用于分享、管理Docker容器的Docker SaaS平台，用来保存镜像，可以理解为代码控制中的代码仓库，适用于开发者

Docker使用客户端-服务器(C/S)架构模式。Docker客户端会与Docker守护进程进行通信。Docker守护进程会处理复杂繁重的任务，例如建立、运行、发布你的Docker容器。Docker客户端和守护进程可以运行在同一个系统上，当然你也可以使用Docker客户端去连接一个远程的Docker守护进程。Docker客户端和守护进程之间通过socket或者RESTful API 进行通信。


Docker与VM的区别


Docker的优点：

 隔离应用依赖
 创建应用镜像并进行复制
 创建容易分发的即启即用的应用
 允许实例简单、快速地扩展
 测试应用并随后销毁它们

Docker的缺点：
Docker只能虚拟基于Linux的服务，在超复杂的业务系统中，一个程序的崩溃/内存溢出/高CPU占用到底会不会影响到其他容器或者整个系统？能否在实际的多主机的生产环境中支持关键任务系统？
这个是大部分人关心的问题

Docker版本的变化
https://github.com/docker/docker/blob/master/CHANGELOG.md

一步步在Oracle Enterprise Linux 6.8上安装Docker
configure yum
[root@ovm ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/oel68.repo
[ol6_UEKR4]
name=Latest Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel Release 4 for Oracle Linux $releasever ($basearch)
baseurl=http://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/UEKR4/$basearch/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
[ol6_addons]
name=Oracle Linux $releasever Add ons ($basearch)
baseurl=http://yum.oracle.com/repo/OracleLinux/OL6/addons/$basearch/
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
gpgcheck=1
enabled=1
[root@ovm ~]#

升级kernel(如果你的kernel版本是4.1.2可以跳过次步骤)
[root@ovm ~]# uname -a
Linux ovm.ohsdba.cn 4.1.12-37.4.1.el6uek.x86_64 #2 SMP Tue May 17 07:23:38 PDT 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@ovm ~]# yum update
[root@ovm ~]# yum update
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, security, ulninfo
Setting up Update Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package bfa-firmware.noarch 0:3.2.23.0-2.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package fuse.x86_64 0:2.9.4-1.0.1.el6 will be updated
---> Package fuse.x86_64 0:2.9.4-1.0.4.el6 will be an update
---> Package fuse-libs.x86_64 0:2.9.4-1.0.1.el6 will be updated
---> Package fuse-libs.x86_64 0:2.9.4-1.0.4.el6 will be an update
---> Package ivtv-firmware.noarch 2:20080701-20.2 will be obsoleted
---> Package iwl100-firmware.noarch 0:39.31.5.1-1.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package iwl1000-firmware.noarch 1:39.31.5.1-1.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package iwl3945-firmware.noarch 0:15.32.2.9-4.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package iwl4965-firmware.noarch 0:228.61.2.24-2.1.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package iwl5000-firmware.noarch 0:8.83.5.1_1-1.el6_1.1 will be obsoleted
---> Package iwl5150-firmware.noarch 0:8.24.2.2-1.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package iwl6000-firmware.noarch 0:9.221.4.1-1.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package iwl6000g2a-firmware.noarch 0:17.168.5.3-1.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package iwl6050-firmware.noarch 0:41.28.5.1-2.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package kernel-uek.x86_64 0:4.1.12-61.1.10.el6uek will be installed
---> Package kernel-uek-devel.x86_64 0:4.1.12-61.1.10.el6uek will be installed
---> Package kernel-uek-firmware.noarch 0:4.1.12-61.1.10.el6uek will be installed
---> Package libertas-usb8388-firmware.noarch 2:5.110.22.p23-3.1.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package linux-firmware.noarch 0:20140911-0.1.git365e80c.0.8.el6 will be updated
---> Package linux-firmware.noarch 0:20160616-44.git43e96a1e.0.12.el6 will be obsoleting
---> Package netxen-firmware.noarch 0:4.0.590-0.1.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package ql2400-firmware.noarch 0:8.02.00-1.0.1.el6 will be obsoleted
---> Package ql2500-firmware.noarch 0:8.02.00-1.0.1.el6 will be obsoleted
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
...
Installed:
  kernel-uek.x86_64 0:4.1.12-61.1.10.el6uek                          kernel-uek-devel.x86_64 0:4.1.12-61.1.10.el6uek           kernel-uek-firmware.noarch 0:4.1.12-61.1.10.el6uek
  linux-firmware.noarch 0:20160616-44.git43e96a1e.0.12.el6

Updated:
  fuse.x86_64 0:2.9.4-1.0.4.el6                                                              fuse-libs.x86_64 0:2.9.4-1.0.4.el6

Replaced:
  bfa-firmware.noarch 0:3.2.23.0-2.el6                         ivtv-firmware.noarch 2:20080701-20.2                     iwl100-firmware.noarch 0:39.31.5.1-1.el6
  iwl1000-firmware.noarch 1:39.31.5.1-1.el6                    iwl3945-firmware.noarch 0:15.32.2.9-4.el6                iwl4965-firmware.noarch 0:228.61.2.24-2.1.el6
  iwl5000-firmware.noarch 0:8.83.5.1_1-1.el6_1.1               iwl5150-firmware.noarch 0:8.24.2.2-1.el6                 iwl6000-firmware.noarch 0:9.221.4.1-1.el6
  iwl6000g2a-firmware.noarch 0:17.168.5.3-1.el6                iwl6050-firmware.noarch 0:41.28.5.1-2.el6                libertas-usb8388-firmware.noarch 2:5.110.22.p23-3.1.el6
  netxen-firmware.noarch 0:4.0.590-0.1.el6                     ql2400-firmware.noarch 0:8.02.00-1.0.1.el6               ql2500-firmware.noarch 0:8.02.00-1.0.1.el6

Complete!
[root@ovm ~]#
[root@ovm ~]# reboot
Broadcast message from root@ovm.ohsdba.cn
        (/dev/pts/0) at 21:26 ...
The system is going down for reboot NOW!
[root@ovm ~]#
login as: root
root@10.0.2.250's password:
Last login: Tue Oct  4 21:13:35 2016 from 10.0.2.6
[root@ovm ~]# uname -a
Linux ovm.ohsdba.cn 4.1.12-61.1.10.el6uek.x86_64 #2 SMP Wed Sep 21 17:43:13 PDT 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@ovm ~]#
Install Docker
[root@ovm ~]# yum install docker-engine
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, security, ulninfo
...
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package docker-engine.x86_64 0:1.12.0-1.0.2.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Total download size: 19 M
Installed size: 78 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
docker-engine-1.12.0-1.0.2.el6.x86_64.rpm    |  19 MB     00:18
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : docker-engine-1.12.0-1.0.2.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                     1/1
  Verifying  : docker-engine-1.12.0-1.0.2.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                     1/1
Installed:
  docker-engine.x86_64 0:1.12.0-1.0.2.el6
Complete!
[root@ovm ~]#
创建并挂载btrfs文件系统(用于容器)
[root@ovm ~]# yum install btrfs-progs
Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, security, ulninfo
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package btrfs-progs.x86_64 0:4.2.2-3.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved

download size: 531 k
Installed size: 3.4 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
  Installing : btrfs-progs-4.2.2-3.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                            1/1
  Verifying  : btrfs-progs-4.2.2-3.el6.x86_64                                                                                                                                            1/1
Installed:
  btrfs-progs.x86_64 0:4.2.2-3.el6
Complete!
[root@ovm ~]#

[root@ovm ~]# fdisk -l|grep sd
Disk /dev/sda: 43.5 GB, 43468193792 bytes
/dev/sda1   *           1          64      512000   83  Linux
/dev/sda2              64        5285    41935872   8e  Linux LVM
Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
/dev/sdb1               1        1306    10490413+  83  Linux
/dev/sdb2            1307        2612    10490445   83  Linux
/dev/sdb3            2613        3916    10474380   83  Linux
[root@ovm ~]#

[root@ovm ~]# mkfs.btrfs /dev/sdb1
btrfs-progs v4.2.2
See http://btrfs.wiki.kernel.org for more information.

WARNING: The skinny-metadata mkfs default feature will work with the current kernel, but it is not compatible with older kernels supported on this OS. You can disable it with -O ^skinny-metadata option in mkfs.btrfs
WARNING: The extref mkfs default feature will work with the current kernel, but it is not compatible with older kernels supported on this OS. You can disable it with -O ^extref option in mkfs.btrfs
Label:              (null)
UUID:               b09facad-ae0b-4f7d-b7b1-6e1f16ba2e14
Node size:          16384
Sector size:        4096
Filesystem size:    10.00GiB
Block group profiles:
  Data:             single            8.00MiB
  Metadata:         DUP               1.01GiB
  System:           DUP              12.00MiB
SSD detected:       no
Incompat features:  extref, skinny-metadata
Number of devices:  1
Devices:
   ID        SIZE  PATH
    1    10.00GiB  /dev/sdb1
[root@ovm ~]# rm -rf /var/lib/docker
[root@ovm ~]# mkdir /var/lib/docker
[root@ovm ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /var/lib/docker
[root@ovm ~]# echo "/dev/sdb1      /var/lib/docker    btrfs    defaults   0 0" >>/etc/fstab
[root@ovm ~]#
修改/etc/init.d/docker文件

"$unshare" -m -- $exec $other_args >> $logfile 2>&1 &

改变为

$exec $other_args >> $logfile 2>&1 &
 

[root@ovm docker]# ls -l /etc/sysconfig/docker
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 203 Aug 12 10:36 /etc/sysconfig/docker
[root@ovm docker]# cat /etc/sysconfig/docker
# /etc/sysconfig/docker
#
# Other arguments to pass to the docker daemon process
# These will be parsed by the sysv initscript and appended
# to the arguments list passed to docker daemon

other_args=""
[root@ovm docker]#
[root@ovm docker]# less /etc/init.d/docker
[root@ovm docker]# grep unshare /etc/init.d/docker
unshare=/usr/bin/unshare
        "$unshare" -m -- $exec $other_args >> $logfile 2>&1 &
[root@ovm docker]# vi /etc/init.d/docker
[root@ovm docker]# grep other_args /etc/init.d/docker
        $exec $other_args >> $logfile 2>&1 &
[root@ovm docker]#

修改/etc/updatedb.conf(可选)

注意：如果安装了mlocate包，要做这一步
 

[root@ovm ~]# rpm -qa|grep mlocate
mlocate-0.22.2-6.el6.x86_64
[root@ovm ~]# vi  /etc/updatedb.conf
[root@ovm ~]# grep docker /etc/updatedb.conf
PRUNEPATHS = "/afs /media /net /sfs /tmp /udev /var/cache/ccache /var/spool/cups /var/spool/squid /var/tmp /var/lib/docker"
[root@ovm ~]#
启动Docker
[root@ovm ~]# service docker start
Starting cgconfig service:                                 [  OK  ]
Starting docker:        .                                  [  OK  ]
[root@ovm ~]# chkconfig docker on
[root@ovm ~]# chkconfig --list docker
docker          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
[root@ovm ~]#
docker info
[root@ovm ~]# docker info
Containers: 0
 Running: 0
 Paused: 0
 Stopped: 0
Images: 0
Server Version: 1.12.0
Storage Driver: btrfs
 Build Version: Btrfs v4.2.2
 Library Version: 101
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins:
 Volume: local
 Network: null host bridge overlay
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Security Options:
Kernel Version: 4.1.12-61.1.10.el6uek.x86_64
Operating System: Oracle Linux Server 6.8
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
CPUs: 2
Total Memory: 7.796 GiB
Name: ovm.ohsdba.cn
ID: 27DF:EGDH:5DND:7Y4L:BGCJ:LCZ2:EY7R:O36J:GAMR:EBTQ:CEQS:HBOG
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Insecure Registries:
 127.0.0.0/8
[root@ovm ~]#
docker version
[root@ovm ~]# docker version
Client:
 Version:      1.12.0
 API version:  1.24
 Go version:   go1.6.3
 Git commit:   b9264d4
 Built:
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64

Server:
 Version:      1.12.0
 API version:  1.24
 Go version:   go1.6.3
 Git commit:   b9264d4
 Built:
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
[root@ovm ~]#
授权非root用户使用docker
[root@ovm ~]# useradd ohsdba
[root@ovm ~]# id ohsdba
uid=1102(ohsdba) gid=1102(ohsdba) groups=1102(ohsdba)
[root@ovm ~]# groupadd docker
[root@ovm ~]# service docker restart
Stopping docker:                                           [  OK  ]
Starting docker:        .                                  [  OK  ]
[root@ovm ~]# usermod -a -G docker ohsdba
[root@ovm ~]# su - ohsdba
[ohsdba@ovm ~]$ docker version
Client:
 Version:      1.12.0
 API version:  1.24
 Go version:   go1.6.3
 Git commit:   b9264d4
 Built:
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
Server:
 Version:      1.12.0
 API version:  1.24
 Go version:   go1.6.3
 Git commit:   b9264d4
 Built:
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
[ohsdba@ovm ~]$

Reference

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E52668_01/E75728/html/section_kfy_f2z_fp.html

https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/

https://docs.docker.com/engine/installation/linux/oracle/

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E37670_01/E37355/html/ol_create_btrfs.html

https://hub.docker.com/_/oraclelinux/

https://github.com/oracle/docker-images

http://baike.baidu.com/view/11854949.htm

http://www.docker.org.cn/dockerppt.html


关键词:docker vm cloud oracle 

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