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如何安装BBED

BBED(Oracle Block Browser and Editor)是著名的oracle block查看和编辑工具,默认密码是blockedit。通过这个工具我们可以了解块的结构,进而更好的理解和学习,学好Oracle。看看DSI文档也是可以的,但是不建议初学者去看,看过后时间长了,不用会容易忘记的。当你掌握了块的结构,再掌握一门编程语言就更好了,可以开发关于块的工具(块查看工具,恢复数据库的工具等)。很多第三方的工具都是在解析了块的结构后,用不同的编程语言开发,有用java开发的,C语言开发的等。首先我们需要10g(10g之后不再提供)上面的2个库文件,然后复制到你需要安装的server,编译即可。下面我们看一下如何去安装和使用。

BBED库文件(Linux 32bit and 64bit)

安装BBED

-bash-4.2$ cp sbbdpt.o ssbbded.o $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib
-bash-4.2$ cp bbedus.msb $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/mesg
-bash-4.2$ 

-bash-4.2$ make -f $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk BBED=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/bbed $ORACLE_HOME/bin/bbed

Linking BBED utility (bbed)
rm -f /pemrep/oracle/product/121/bin/bbed
/pemrep/oracle/product/121/bin/orald -o /pemrep/oracle/product/121/bin/bbed -m64 -z noexecstack -Wl,--disable-new-dtags -L/pemrep/oracle/product/121/rdbms/lib/ -L/pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/ -L/pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/stubs/  /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/s0main.o /pemrep/oracle/product/121/rdbms/lib/ssbbded.o /pemrep/oracle/product/121/rdbms/lib/sbbdpt.o `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt12 -lnsgr12 -lnzjs12 -ln12 -lnl12 -ldbtools12 -lclntsh -lclntshcore  `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt12 -lnsgr12 -lnzjs12 -ln12 -lnl12 -lnro12 `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt12 -lnsgr12 -lnzjs12 -ln12 -lnl12 -lnnz12 -lzt12 -lztkg12 -lztkg12 -lclient12 -lnnetd12  -lvsn12 -lcommon12 -lgeneric12 -lmm -lsnls12 -lnls12  -lcore12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lxml12 -lcore12 -lunls12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lnls12 `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt12 -lnsgr12 -lnzjs12 -ln12 -lnl12 -lnro12 `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/ldflags`    -lncrypt12 -lnsgr12 -lnzjs12 -ln12 -lnl12 -lclient12 -lnnetd12  -lvsn12 -lcommon12 -lgeneric12   -lsnls12 -lnls12  -lcore12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lxml12 -lcore12 -lunls12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lnls12 -lclient12 -lnnetd12  -lvsn12 -lcommon12 -lgeneric12 -lsnls12 -lnls12  -lcore12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lxml12 -lcore12 -lunls12 -lsnls12 -lnls12 -lcore12 -lnls12   `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/sysliblist` -Wl,-rpath,/pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib -lm    `cat /pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib/sysliblist` -ldl -lm   -L/pemrep/oracle/product/121/lib
-bash-4.2$ which bbed
~/product/121/bin/bbed

-bash-4.2$ bbed help=y
PASSWORD - Required parameter
FILENAME - Database file name
BLOCKSIZE - Database block size
LISTFILE - List file name
MODE - [browse/edit]
SPOOL - Spool to logfile [no/yes]
CMDFILE - BBED command file name
LOGFILE - BBED log file name
PARFILE - Parameter file name
BIFILE - BBED before-image file name
REVERT - Rollback changes from BIFILE [no/yes]
SILENT - Hide banner [no/yes]
HELP - Show all valid parameters [no/yes]

-bash-4.2$ bbed
Password:
BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Wed Mar 2 21:11:38 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************
BBED> help all
SET DBA [ dba | file#, block# ]
SET FILENAME 'filename'
SET FILE file#
SET BLOCK [+/-]block#
SET OFFSET [ [+/-]byte offset | symbol | *symbol ]
SET BLOCKSIZE bytes
SET LIST[FILE] 'filename'
SET WIDTH character_count
SET COUNT bytes_to_display
SET IBASE [ HEX | OCT | DEC ]
SET OBASE [ HEX | OCT | DEC ]
SET MODE  [ BROWSE | EDIT ]
SET SPOOL [ Y | N ]
SHOW [ <SET parameter> | ALL ]
INFO
MAP[/v] [ DBA | FILENAME | FILE | BLOCK ]
DUMP[/v] [ DBA | FILENAME | FILE | BLOCK | OFFSET | COUNT ]
PRINT[/x|d|u|o|c] [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
EXAMINE[/Nuf] [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
</Nuf>:
N - a number which specifies a repeat count.
u - a letter which specifies a unit size:
  b - b1, ub1 (byte)
  h - b2, ub2 (half-word)
  w - b4, ub4(word)
  r - Oracle table/index row
f - a letter which specifies a display format:
  x - hexadecimal
  d - decimal
  u - unsigned decimal
  o - octal
  c - character (native)
  n - Oracle number
  t - Oracle date
  i - Oracle rowid
FIND[/x|d|u|o|c] numeric/character string [ TOP | CURR ]
COPY [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ] TO [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
MODIFY[/x|d|u|o|c] numeric/character string
      [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
ASSIGN[/x|d|u|o] <target spec>=<source spec>
<target spec> : [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET | symbol | *symbol ]
<source spec> : [ value | <target spec options> ]
SUM [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ] [ APPLY ]
PUSH [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK | OFFSET ]
POP [ALL]
REVERT [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
UNDO
HELP [ <bbed command> | ALL ]
VERIFY [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
CORRUPT [ DBA | FILE | FILENAME | BLOCK ]
BBED> 

使用BBED

-bash-4.2$ cat par

mode=browse
listfile=files.txt
-bash-4.2$ cat files.txt 
1 /oradata/pemrep/system01.dbf
2 /oradata/pemrep/sysaux01.dbf
3 /oradata/pemrep/undotbs01.dbf
4 /oradata/pemrep/users01.dbf
5 /oradata/pemrep/mgmt_depot.dbf
6 /oradata/pemrep/mgmt.dbf
7 /oradata/pemrep/mgmt_ad4j.dbf
-bash-4.2$ bbed parfile=par
Password:
BBED: Release 2.0.0.0.0 - Limited Production on Wed Mar 2 22:33:13 2016
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
************* !!! For Oracle Internal Use only !!! ***************
BBED> 

不同版本的数据库,数据文件头部的内容也不尽相同。10g头部文件使用了676 bytes字节11g的头部使用了860bytes,而12c的头部使用了1112 bytes。

头部文件的相关的内部表为X$KCVFH

11g BBED输出

BBED> map /v

 File: /oradata/gold/system01.dbf (1)
 Block: 1                                     Dba:0x00400001
------------------------------------------------------------
 Data File Header
 struct kcvfh, 860 bytes                    @0
    struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes               @0
    struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes               @20
    ub4 kcvfhrdb                            @96
    struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes                @100
    ub4 kcvfhcrt                            @108
    ub4 kcvfhrlc                            @112
    struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes                @116
    ub4 kcvfhbti                            @124
    struct kcvfhbsc, 8 bytes                @128
    ub2 kcvfhbth                            @136
    ub2 kcvfhsta                            @138
    struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes               @484
    ub4 kcvfhcpc                            @140
    ub4 kcvfhrts                            @144
    ub4 kcvfhccc                            @148
    struct kcvfhbcp, 36 bytes               @152
    ub4 kcvfhbhz                            @312
    struct kcvfhxcd, 16 bytes               @316
    sword kcvfhtsn                          @332
    ub2 kcvfhtln                            @336
    text kcvfhtnm[30]                       @338
    ub4 kcvfhrfn                            @368
    struct kcvfhrfs, 8 bytes                @372
    ub4 kcvfhrft                            @380
    struct kcvfhafs, 8 bytes                @384
    ub4 kcvfhbbc                            @392
    ub4 kcvfhncb                            @396
    ub4 kcvfhmcb                            @400
    ub4 kcvfhlcb                            @404
    ub4 kcvfhbcs                            @408
    ub2 kcvfhofb                            @412
    ub2 kcvfhnfb                            @414
    ub4 kcvfhprc                            @416
    struct kcvfhprs, 8 bytes                @420
    struct kcvfhprfs, 8 bytes               @428
    ub4 kcvfhtrt                            @444
 ub4 tailchk                                @8188
BBED> p kcvfh
struct kcvfh, 860 bytes                     @0
   struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes                @0
      ub1 type_kcbh                         @0        0x0b
      ub1 frmt_kcbh                         @1        0xa2
      ub1 spare1_kcbh                       @2        0x00
      ub1 spare2_kcbh                       @3        0x00
      ub4 rdba_kcbh                         @4        0x00400001
      ub4 bas_kcbh                          @8        0x00000000
      ub2 wrp_kcbh                          @12       0x0000
      ub1 seq_kcbh                          @14       0x01
      ub1 flg_kcbh                          @15       0x04 (KCBHFCKV)
      ub2 chkval_kcbh                       @16       0x8fe7
      ub2 spare3_kcbh                       @18       0x0000
   struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes                @20
      ub4 kccfhswv                          @20       0x00000000
      ub4 kccfhcvn                          @24       0x0b200400
      ub4 kccfhdbi                          @28       0xff6e9791
      text kccfhdbn[0]                      @32      G
      text kccfhdbn[1]                      @33      O
      text kccfhdbn[2]                      @34      L
      text kccfhdbn[3]                      @35      D
      text kccfhdbn[4]                      @36
      text kccfhdbn[5]                      @37
      text kccfhdbn[6]                      @38
      text kccfhdbn[7]                      @39
      ub4 kccfhcsq                          @40       0x00001009
      ub4 kccfhfsz                          @44       0x00015e00
      s_blkz kccfhbsz                       @48       0x00
      ub2 kccfhfno                          @52       0x0001
      ub2 kccfhtyp                          @54       0x0003
      ub4 kccfhacid                         @56       0x00000000
      ub4 kccfhcks                          @60       0x00000000
      text kccfhtag[0]                      @64
      text kccfhtag[1]                      @65
      text kccfhtag[2]                      @66
      text kccfhtag[3]                      @67
      text kccfhtag[4]                      @68
      text kccfhtag[5]                      @69
      text kccfhtag[6]                      @70
      text kccfhtag[7]                      @71
      text kccfhtag[8]                      @72
      text kccfhtag[9]                      @73
      text kccfhtag[10]                     @74
      text kccfhtag[11]                     @75
      text kccfhtag[12]                     @76
      text kccfhtag[13]                     @77
      text kccfhtag[14]                     @78
      text kccfhtag[15]                     @79
      text kccfhtag[16]                     @80
      text kccfhtag[17]                     @81
      text kccfhtag[18]                     @82
      text kccfhtag[19]                     @83
      text kccfhtag[20]                     @84
      text kccfhtag[21]                     @85
      text kccfhtag[22]                     @86
      text kccfhtag[23]                     @87
      text kccfhtag[24]                     @88
      text kccfhtag[25]                     @89
      text kccfhtag[26]                     @90
      text kccfhtag[27]                     @91
      text kccfhtag[28]                     @92
      text kccfhtag[29]                     @93
      text kccfhtag[30]                     @94
      text kccfhtag[31]                     @95
   ub4 kcvfhrdb                             @96       0x00400208
   struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes                 @100
      ub4 kscnbas                           @100      0x00000008
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @104      0x0000
   ub4 kcvfhcrt                             @108      0x32e1909d
   ub4 kcvfhrlc                             @112      0x32e19091
   struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes                 @116
      ub4 kscnbas                           @116      0x00000001
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @120      0x0000
   ub4 kcvfhbti                             @124      0x00000000
   struct kcvfhbsc, 8 bytes                 @128
      ub4 kscnbas                           @128      0x00000000
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @132      0x0000
   ub2 kcvfhbth                             @136      0x0000
   ub2 kcvfhsta                             @138      0x2004 (KCVFHOFZ)
   struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes                @484
      struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes              @484
         ub4 kscnbas                        @484      0x002410d1
         ub2 kscnwrp                        @488      0x0000
      ub4 kcvcptim                          @492      0x346a2bb2
      ub2 kcvcpthr                          @496      0x0001
      union u, 12 bytes                     @500
         struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes          @500
            ub4 kcrbaseq                    @500      0x00000085
            ub4 kcrbabno                    @504      0x00000002
            ub2 kcrbabof                    @508      0x0010
      ub1 kcvcpetb[0]                       @512      0x02
      ub1 kcvcpetb[1]                       @513      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[2]                       @514      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[3]                       @515      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[4]                       @516      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[5]                       @517      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[6]                       @518      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[7]                       @519      0x00
   ub4 kcvfhcpc                             @140      0x000000cb
   ub4 kcvfhrts                             @144      0x345adca0
   ub4 kcvfhccc                             @148      0x000000ca
   struct kcvfhbcp, 36 bytes                @152
      struct kcvcpscn, 8 bytes              @152
         ub4 kscnbas                        @152      0x00000000
         ub2 kscnwrp                        @156      0x0000
      ub4 kcvcptim                          @160      0x00000000
      ub2 kcvcpthr                          @164      0x0000
      union u, 12 bytes                     @168
         struct kcvcprba, 12 bytes          @168
            ub4 kcrbaseq                    @168      0x00000000
            ub4 kcrbabno                    @172      0x00000000
            ub2 kcrbabof                    @176      0x0000
      ub1 kcvcpetb[0]                       @180      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[1]                       @181      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[2]                       @182      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[3]                       @183      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[4]                       @184      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[5]                       @185      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[6]                       @186      0x00
      ub1 kcvcpetb[7]                       @187      0x00
   ub4 kcvfhbhz                             @312      0x00000000
   struct kcvfhxcd, 16 bytes                @316
      ub4 space_kcvmxcd[0]                  @316      0x00000000
      ub4 space_kcvmxcd[1]                  @320      0x00000000
      ub4 space_kcvmxcd[2]                  @324      0x00000000
      ub4 space_kcvmxcd[3]                  @328      0x00000000
   sword kcvfhtsn                           @332      0
   ub2 kcvfhtln                             @336      0x0006
   text kcvfhtnm[0]                         @338     S
   text kcvfhtnm[1]                         @339     Y
   text kcvfhtnm[2]                         @340     S
   text kcvfhtnm[3]                         @341     T
   text kcvfhtnm[4]                         @342     E
   text kcvfhtnm[5]                         @343     M
   text kcvfhtnm[6]                         @344
   text kcvfhtnm[7]                         @345
   text kcvfhtnm[8]                         @346
   text kcvfhtnm[9]                         @347
   text kcvfhtnm[10]                        @348
   text kcvfhtnm[11]                        @349
   text kcvfhtnm[12]                        @350
   text kcvfhtnm[13]                        @351
   text kcvfhtnm[14]                        @352
   text kcvfhtnm[15]                        @353
   text kcvfhtnm[16]                        @354
   text kcvfhtnm[17]                        @355
   text kcvfhtnm[18]                        @356
   text kcvfhtnm[19]                        @357
   text kcvfhtnm[20]                        @358
   text kcvfhtnm[21]                        @359
   text kcvfhtnm[22]                        @360
   text kcvfhtnm[23]                        @361
   text kcvfhtnm[24]                        @362
   text kcvfhtnm[25]                        @363
   text kcvfhtnm[26]                        @364
   text kcvfhtnm[27]                        @365
   text kcvfhtnm[28]                        @366
   text kcvfhtnm[29]                        @367
   ub4 kcvfhrfn                             @368      0x00000001
   struct kcvfhrfs, 8 bytes                 @372
      ub4 kscnbas                           @372      0x00000000
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @376      0x0000
   ub4 kcvfhrft                             @380      0x00000000
   struct kcvfhafs, 8 bytes                 @384
      ub4 kscnbas                           @384      0x00000000
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @388      0x0000
   ub4 kcvfhbbc                             @392      0x00000000
   ub4 kcvfhncb                             @396      0x00000000
   ub4 kcvfhmcb                             @400      0x00000000
   ub4 kcvfhlcb                             @404      0x00000000
   ub4 kcvfhbcs                             @408      0x00000000
   ub2 kcvfhofb                             @412      0x000a
   ub2 kcvfhnfb                             @414      0x000a
   ub4 kcvfhprc                             @416      0x00000000
   struct kcvfhprs, 8 bytes                 @420
      ub4 kscnbas                           @420      0x00000000
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @424      0x0000
   struct kcvfhprfs, 8 bytes                @428
      ub4 kscnbas                           @428      0x00000000
      ub2 kscnwrp                           @432      0x0000
   ub4 kcvfhtrt                             @444      0x00000000
BBED>

12c BBED输出

BBED> map /v

 File: /oradata/pemrep/system01.dbf (1)
 Block: 1                                     Dba:0x00400001
------------------------------------------------------------
 Data File Header
 struct kcvfh, 1112 bytes                   @0       
    struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes               @0       
    struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes               @20      
    ub4 kcvfhrdb                            @96      
    struct kcvfhcrs, 8 bytes                @100     
    ub4 kcvfhcrt                            @108     
    ub4 kcvfhrlc                            @112     
    struct kcvfhrls, 8 bytes                @116     
    ub4 kcvfhbti                            @124     
    struct kcvfhbsc, 8 bytes                @128     
    ub2 kcvfhbth                            @136     
    ub2 kcvfhsta                            @138     
    struct kcvfhckp, 36 bytes               @484     
    ub4 kcvfhcpc                            @140     
    ub4 kcvfhrts                            @144     
    ub4 kcvfhccc                            @148     
    struct kcvfhbcp, 36 bytes               @152     
    ub4 kcvfhbhz                            @312     
    struct kcvfhxcd, 16 bytes               @316     
    sword kcvfhtsn                          @332     
    ub2 kcvfhtln                            @336     
    text kcvfhtnm[30]                       @338     
    ub4 kcvfhrfn                            @368     
    struct kcvfhrfs, 8 bytes                @372     
    ub4 kcvfhrft                            @380     
    struct kcvfhafs, 8 bytes                @384     
    ub4 kcvfhbbc                            @392     
    ub4 kcvfhncb                            @396     
    ub4 kcvfhmcb                            @400     
    ub4 kcvfhlcb                            @404     
    ub4 kcvfhbcs                            @408     
    ub2 kcvfhofb                            @412     
    ub2 kcvfhnfb                            @414     
    ub4 kcvfhprc                            @416     
    struct kcvfhprs, 8 bytes                @420     
    struct kcvfhprfs, 8 bytes               @428     
    ub4 kcvfhtrt                            @444     
 ub4 tailchk                                @8188   
BBED> p kcvfh
struct kcvfh, 1112 bytes                    @0       
   struct kcvfhbfh, 20 bytes                @0       
      ub1 type_kcbh                         @0        0x0b
      ub1 frmt_kcbh                         @1        0xa2
      ub1 spare1_kcbh                       @2        0x00
      ub1 spare2_kcbh                       @3        0x00
      ub4 rdba_kcbh                         @4        0x00400001
      ub4 bas_kcbh                          @8        0x00000000
      ub2 wrp_kcbh                          @12       0x0000
      ub1 seq_kcbh                          @14       0x01
      ub1 flg_kcbh                          @15       0x04 (KCBHFCKV)
      ub2 chkval_kcbh                       @16       0x6b53
      ub2 spare3_kcbh                       @18       0x0000
   struct kcvfhhdr, 76 bytes                @20      
      ub4 kccfhswv                          @20       0x00000000
      ub4 kccfhcvn                          @24       0x0c100200
      ub4 kccfhdbi                          @28       0x75bafd9b
      text kccfhdbn[0]                      @32      P
      text kccfhdbn[1]                      @33      E
      text kccfhdbn[2]                      @34      M
      text kccfhdbn[3]                      @35      R
      text kccfhdbn[4]                      @36      E

   

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